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Includia Trust | Direct Impact Portal

Social Capital vs. Market Capital: Building Networks for Students without Inheritance

It’s not just what you know…

vs. Market Capital: Building Networks for Students without Inheritance


OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate how Includia Trust facilitates the accumulation of to bridge the gap left by a lack of Economic Resources.

1. The Invisible Inheritance

When we talk about “Inheritance,” we usually think of money, land, or gold. We think of Market Capital. But there is another kind of inheritance that is far more potent and far less visible. It is the inheritance of connections.

Consider two students graduating with the same degree.

Student A (The Elite): When she needs an internship, her father calls his college roommate who is now a CEO. The door opens.

Student B (The First-Gen Learner): When he needs an internship, he has only his CV. He knows no CEOs. His father knows farmers and laborers—honorable people, but people without access to corporate power. The door remains shut.

Wait… so merit isn’t enough? Nope! Sometimes the “Who you know” beats the “What you know.” That’s the unfair game of networking.

This disparity is the . While the education system focuses obsessively on increasing a student’s knowledge (Human Capital), it often ignores their network. For marginalized youth, the lack of a “Rolodex” is as crippling as the lack of money.

This article investigates how organizations like Includia Trust are tackling this issue. They are not just handing out scholarships (Market Capital); they are actively constructing networks (Social Capital) for those who were not born into them.

2. Analysis: Weaving the Net

Defining the Capitals: Bourdieu & Putnam

Let’s break down the theory using simple terms.

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MARKET CAPITAL

What is it? Money, assets, property.

Function: Can buy goods and services.

Limitation: Once spent, it is gone.

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SOCIAL CAPITAL

What is it? Relationships, trust, networks.

Function: Can access opportunities, advice, and safety nets.

Power: It grows when shared.

Sociologist Robert Putnam distinguished between two types of Social Capital:

  • Bonding Capital: Relationships with people like you (family, close friends). This provides emotional support. Marginalized communities often have high bonding capital.
  • Bridging Capital: Relationships with people different from you (people in power, different classes). This provides social mobility. This is what marginalized students usually lack.

The “Weak Ties” Theory

Mark Granovetter famously wrote about the “Strength of Weak Ties.” He found that people rarely get jobs through their best friends (who know the same people/opportunities they do). They get jobs through acquaintances—”weak ties”—who move in different circles.

For a Dalit student from a rural village, their “Strong Ties” are supportive but resource-poor. They have no “Weak Ties” in the corporate or academic world. They are socially isolated from opportunity.

Includia Trust: The Architect of Artificial Kinship

This is where Includia Trust intervenes. Their model acknowledges that we cannot wait for society to become equal. We must engineer equality.

Includia acts as an (Stanton-Salazar). An institutional agent is a person who has status and uses it to open doors for those with less status.

How do you give a student a network they didn’t inherit? You build it for them.

Strategy 1: The Mentorship Bridge. Includia pairs first-generation learners with mentors from established backgrounds. This is not just for academic help. It is to give the student a “Weak Tie” in a high place. When the mentor writes a recommendation letter or makes a phone call, they are transferring their own social capital to the student.

Strategy 2: The “Hidden Curriculum” of Networking. Elite students learn how to shake hands, how to write emails, and how to “schmooze” at dinner tables. Includia demystifies these social codes. They teach students that networking is not “using people,” but building mutually beneficial relationships.

Case Study: The Ripple Effect

Consider the story of “Ravi” (name changed), a beneficiary of such a program. He needed a laptop for his coding course. Market Capital solution? Buy him one. But that’s a one-time fix.

Instead, Includia connected him with a tech professional mentor. The mentor didn’t just buy the laptop; he introduced Ravi to his company’s internship program. Ravi got the job. He then referred his cousin.

This is the compounding interest of Social Capital. Unlike money, which depletes, networks expand. By connecting one student, Includia planted a seed that grew into a forest of opportunities for an entire community.

Trust as a Currency

The word “Trust” in Includia Trust is significant. In a society fractured by caste and class, there is a deficit of trust. The elite do not trust the poor (viewing them as “unqualified”), and the poor do not trust the elite (viewing them as “exploitative”).

Organizations like Includia function as Trust Brokers. They vouch for the student. They tell the employer: “Take a risk on this candidate; we stand behind them.” This reduces the perceived risk and allows the transaction of opportunity to happen.

3. Conclusion: Democratizing the Rolodex

Money is important. We cannot deny the need for scholarships and infrastructure. But money alone is a band-aid. If we want to cure the structural disease of inequality, we must redistribute .

The work of Includia Trust demonstrates that networks are not just for the privileged. They can be built, nurtured, and shared.

The Call to Action:

  • If you have privilege, who are you opening the door for today?
  • Invest in People, Not Just Projects: Funding mentorship programs yields higher long-term returns than funding buildings.
  • Redefine Merit: Stop looking for students who already “fit in.” Look for students who stand out, and help them get in.

In a fair world, it shouldn’t matter who your father is. Until we get there, we need to ensure that every student has an “Uncle” or “Auntie” in the network—even if they aren’t related by blood, but by a shared belief in human potential.

“Your network is your net worth. Let’s make everyone wealthy.”

REFERENCES & READING

Bourdieu, P. (1986). The Forms of Capital. In Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education.
Coleman, J. S. (1988). Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital. American Journal of Sociology.
Granovetter, M. S. (1973). The Strength of Weak Ties. American Journal of Sociology.
Lareau, A. (2011). Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race, and Family Life. University of California Press.
Lin, N. (2001). Social Capital: A Theory of Social Structure and Action. Cambridge University Press.
Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. Simon & Schuster.
Stanton-Salazar, R. D. (1997). A Social Capital Framework for Understanding the Socialization of Racial Minority Children and Youths. Harvard Educational Review.
Stanton-Salazar, R. D. (2011). A Social Capital Framework for the Study of Institutional Agents and their Role in the Empowerment of Low-Status Students and Youth. Youth & Society.
Woolcock, M. (1998). Social Capital and Economic Development: Toward a Theoretical Synthesis and Policy Framework. Theory and Society.
Yosso, T. J. (2005). Whose culture has capital? A critical race theory discussion of community cultural wealth. Race Ethnicity and Education.
Includia Trust. (2025). Impact Report: Building Bridges for the Future. Internal Publication.
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